Defining Np Scope Of Practice Nursing Essay

Defining Np Scope Of Practice Nursing Essay This original research was conducted in a large teaching hospital in the North West of England that examined ward-based Advanced Nurse Practitioners (ANPs) and aimed to clarify their roles and expectations in patient care and how they impact the clinical practice. Study participants (which consist of five ANPs, 14 ward-based nurses, and five patients) were observed and invited to participate in interviews. The roles and skills of ANPs were observed and gathered from the interviews. ANPs were described as pivotal in the management of patient care and served as an invaluable link between the medical and nursing team. They frequently translated medical information for nurses, patients and other allied healthcare professional to make sure that the plan of care was well understood and provide further explanations if necessary. ANPs were observed to be confident practitioners, good information resource and by using their technical knowledge and skills served as a role model to support the nurses and junior doctors to enable them to be more efficient in providing care. In addition, ANPs were found to be less intimidating than doctors and more approachable in resolving care issues. Meanwhile, ANPs were faced with a number of challenges and have to ove rcome skepticism from other health professionals who have different views on the ANP role expectation and scope of practice. ANPs perceived that their education had not adequately prepared them for their clinical role. ANPs have great impact in nursing practice and patient care. Although the study strives to clarify the role of the ANPs, the findings regarding the role of ANPs are not clearly defined and lack consistency that may lead to role conflict and overload. Running Head: How are acute care nurse practitioners enacting their roles in healthcare teams? A descriptive multiple-case study This multiple-case study conducted in two-university affiliated teachings hospitals in Quebec, Canada aimed to understand how cardiology acute Care nurse practitioners (ACNPs) enacted their roles in healthcare teams. Data were collected from interviews, field notes, documents and time and motion study of NP activities. The work activity pace was faster before noon due to patient care demands. Participants in one hospital believed that NP role was not an integrated role of medical and nursing components but an expanded role because they assumed more expanded nursing role components than the medical role. In addition, NPs needed to consult with physicians for patient care decision making that were within their scope of practice. They did not have that much authority in regards to decision making due to lack of structures to formalize the organizational role. There were also inconsistent messages about the role expectations to attempt to formalize the prescriptive authority of NPs which had not been approved by the medical advisory board. On the other hand, participants in the other hospital believed that NPs enacted their role more in the medical component since the medical directives and prescriptive privileges had been approved by the medical advisory board. NPs had greater autonomy in their role and prescriptive authority. It was also noted that NPs participated very little in nursing activities such as implementing nursing care plans or use of clinical care pathways. In both hospitals, the largest role component was the clinical role. The transfer of prescriptive and decision-making authority must be addressed to enable NPs to work their full scope of role to optimize patient outcomes. Clarifying role structures were expected to enable the NPs enact their role in healthcare team and prevent role confusion. Running Head: Defining NP scope of practice and associated regulations: Focus on acute care This review of literature was conducted to define the NP scope of practice (SOP) with emphasis on NPs in acute care setting. Documents were gathered from different resources including National Council of State Board of Nursing (NCSBN), individual state board of nursing, and NP scope and standards of practice. According to Federation of State Medical Boards (2005) and NCSBN (2009), à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“SOP is a set of rules, regulations and boundaries within which a fully qualified NP may practiceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ . It defines what activities a profession can undertake. Both practice acts (state regulatory board form of statutes approved by legislators) and its rules and regulations define NP SOP and require approval from legislators to become law. The Consensus Model for Advanced Practice Registered Nurses (APRN) Regulation was developed to resolve different issues concerning inconsistent APRN education and licensure requirement across jurisdiction and issues in certification. It helps stand ardize regulations for APRNs. Professional regulators are working together in implementing a consistent SOP for NPs in all jurisdictions. According to American Academy of Nurse Practitioners (AANP), NPs are licensed independent practitioners that provide nursing and medical services emphasizing on health promotion and disease prevention. In addition, NPs have a collaborative practice agreement with the physicians. However, regulations are different from state to state NP SOP are not clearly defined and further clarifications are needed especially as it pertains to NPs working in acute care to ensure that NPs are practicing according to their education, training and competency as evidenced by the certifications they hold. Running Head: NURSE-DIRECTED INTERVENTIONS TO REDUCE CATHETER-ASSOCIATED URINARY TRACT INFECTION This research focuses on the evidence-based practice guidelines conducted at the University of Colorado Hospital as a quality improvement project to initiate a nursing-driven approach to reduce the incidence of catheter-associated urinary tract infection and improve patient outcomes. A catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) is the most common cause of healthcare-associated infection. It is a major health concern leading to prolonged hospital stay and increased healthcare cost. Evidence-based use of indwelling urinary catheter (IUC) must be enforced to reduce the prevalence of CAUTI. In this project, an intervention design was implemented to evaluate the nurse-driven intervention incorporating evidence-based guidelines. The goal is to decrease the prevalence CAUTI by emphasizing health education on specific unit-based nursing practice. Improving the nursing care by educating the nurses regarding insertion, management and early removal of IUC to ensure the best practice and expanding this education to ancillary services (eg. rehabilitation and transport staffs) were found to positively impact the CAUTI rates. Focused unit interventions such as providing education on postoperative catheterization, use of bladder scanner to check for urinary retention to minimize IUC reinsertion, and encouraging early removal of the urinary catheter were found to decrease the catheter days and prevent infection. Providing education by infusing the best evidence into current practice are important interventions to raise awareness. Incorporating evidence-based guidelines and strategie s by focusing of nursing-driven interventions can improve patient outcomes.

Types of the Radar

Imagine an airplane plummeting towards the ground at a fast pace speed, its foggy outside and impossible for the pilot to regain control of the plane and he has to make an emergency stop, everyone on the plane is panicking but the pilot reassures them a safe landing, because he has a secret weapon called radar. What is radar? Radar stands for radio detecting and ranging, it is used to find radio waves and retrieve information and also to transmit radio wave information.Heinrich Rudolf Hertz a German scientist studying electromagnetic theory of light is responsible for the development of the radar system. Along with other less well known scientist under him. There are multiple different types of radar,  AIR SEARCH RADAR, meaning plane missiles response.  HEIGHT FINDING RADAR- when in the air, trying to find signal to land. & FIRE CONTROL RADAR.Radar was used a lot back in modern wars, mostly on ships for purposes like to avoid ship collision and to be able to find where the other boat and any other miscellaneous objects where and to either a. have the element of surprise or b. to avoid. Radar can also be used in the air, fighting while in flight can be even more dangerous than fighting by land or by the sea, but with the use of radar, planes can use antennas to detect other enemy airplanes, they might also have them in modern day airports to help the pilot find the landing strip while in the air, the radar will send transmitted information to the pilot that will help them prepare to land. It’s not only used for these practices though it can also be used for many modern day 21 century objects in your home as well such as the microwave oven, the television, antennas and transmitters and the satellite radio.Directions/ example of how a radar would work: Magnetron generates high-frequency radio waves.  Duplexer switches magnetron through to antenna.  Antenna acts as transmitter, sending narrow beam of radio waves through the air. Radio waves hit enemy airplane and reflect back.  Antenna picks up reflected waves during a break between transmissions. Duplexer switches antenna through to receiver unit.  Computer in receiver unit processes reflected waves and draws them on a TV screen. Enemy plane shows up on TV radar display with any other nearby targetsUSES OF RADAR:The radar gun, is a device often the police use to fine speeding drivers with, what happens is the police shoot a beam towards your car, the beam reflects off the metal body of the vehicle in question, depending on how high the wave frequencies are determines whether or not you will be issued a speeding ticket.Navigation radar is used in many situations lets talk ships, the navy is the primary users of radar today, it has many uses for them including locating enemy ships, finding the distance of other ships to avoid collision in dreary weather and at night, to navigate on course to fix their various positions at sea so someone is aware of where they are if they get lost, measuring surface waves, monitor regular ship movements, sea traffic control, to warn of tropical storms and breaking waves and for sea clutters and traffic.Fun fact: even though radar is useful to find the enemy the enemy can also find you, the US navy has developed â€Å"secret† radar that is able to hide itself from being found at sea.Weather radar devices electronically convert the reflected radio waves into picture that show the location and intensity of precipitation and the speed of the wind. It can be used to track the intensity and the location of various types of precipitation. Or where bad weather is coming from and headed, It is also used to detect and track the velocity of thunderstorms and tornadoes.

Impact Of Civil War On North And South - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1170 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2019/05/15 Category History Essay Level High school Tags: Civil War Essay War Essay Did you like this example? From April 12, 1861 to May 9, 1865, the civil war had a lasting impact on the North and the South and their individual attitudes towards slavery. This idea is evident in a series of letters that were gathered from that period. The first letter was written by James Henry Gooding, a Massachusetts Black Corporal on September 28, 1863. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Impact Of Civil War On North And South" essay for you Create order Earlier in the month, a Union force was defeated in the Battle of Chickamauga. The second letter was written by an unnamed New York Black Soldier in August 1864. During that month, the Battle of Mobile Bay and the Battle of Jonesborough had occurred, both of which were victories for the North. The third and final letter was written by James C. Beecher, Commander of a North Carolina Black Regiment on September 13th, 1863. During this time, the Union Army of Potomac crossed the Rappahannock River and shortly after, the Battle of Culpeper Court House occurred. Although the union had fought the Confederacy and had considered slavery to be a moral wrong, they still displayed similar attitudes to their adversaries, even reducing African American servicemens positions to statuses similar to laborers and slaves instead of soldiers. James Henry Gooding had turned to writing a letter to President Abraham Lincoln after the absence of equal pay became prevalent to him and other black soldiers. In his letter, Gooding asked an important question, Are we Soldiers, or are we LABOURERS? (Gooding, 1863). Gooding argued that Black soldiers should not be underpaid, for they performed the same work and accomplished the same duties that white soldiers did. He continued his letter, further explaining the prejudice of the situation, When the arms of the Union, were beaten again the black man begged, the privelege of Aiding his Country in her need, to be again refused, And now, he is in the War: and how has he conducted himself?Let their dusky forms, rise up, out the mires of James Island, and give the answer. We have done a Soldiers Duty. Why cant we have a Soldiers pay? (ibid). Gooding explained how black soldiers proved whites wrong, yet they still had not been recognized as worthy of equal pay. They had accomplished their duties like everyone else, but they were not adequately recognized for their participation. You caution the Rebel Chieftain, that the United States, knows, no distinction, in her Soldiers: She insists on having all her Soldiers, of whatever, creed or Color, to be treated, according to the usages of War. Now if the United States exacts uniformity of treatment of her Soldiers, from the Insurgents, would it not be well, and consistent, to set the example herself, by paying all her Soldiers alike?(ibid). Gooding pointed out that the union had not stood by what they had claimed to believe in. After all, one of the reasons why the civil war began was because of differences in views on slavery and whether or not it should be outlawed. An unknown soldier wrote to President Abraham Lincoln to the best of his ability. Instead of the musket It is the spad and the Whelbarrow and the Axe cuting in one of the most horable swamps in Louisiana stinking and misery. (Unknown, 1864). The unknown soldier described the treatment of blacks and the work they were assigned. The jobs that the unknown soldier spoke of were that of slave work. He compared the use of weapons to the physical labor that black regiments performed to show the clear lack of acknowledgement from their white superiors. The unknown soldier then went on to write about the fact that they were underpaid. we All Listed for so much Bounty Clothing and Ration And 13 Dollars A month. And the most has fallen short in all thes Things we havent Recived A cent of Pay Since we Bin in the field. Instead of them Coming to us Like men with our 13 Dollars thay come with only seven Dollars A month. (ibid). The soldier seemed to face the same problem as Gooding however, the u nknown soldier delved into further detail about other basic necessities they were deprived of alongside payment. Hardly have Anough Bread to Keep us From starving six or 8 ounces of it to Do A Soldier 24 hours on Gaurd or eney other Labor and About the Same in Meat and Coffee sum times No meat for 2 Days It is A hard thing to be Keept in such a state of misery Continuly. (ibid). The soldier explained the lack of food to further highlight their wretched situation. They were still expected to fight and perform physical labor after being fed scraps, and they accomplished those things, yet they were still deprived of the three dollars they were meant to be paid. James C. Beecher was a man of leadership. In his days as a commander of a black Regiment, Beecher had seen his fair share of injustices towards blacks. In Folly Island of South Carolina, Beecher wrote to General Edward A. Wild in an attempt to salvage his Regiment, describing the work that his black troops were assigned and how it had affected his troops sick list. In his letter, Beecher stated, It is reported to me on good authority that men of my command ordered to Morris Island on fatigue duty, are put to work laying out and policing camps of white soldiers on that Island Since the commencement of the war I have never before known such duty imposed upon any Regiment. (Beecher, 1863). Beecher pointed out the blatant inequity by mentioning his black soldiers were assigned duties that white soldiers never had to complete. To further prove his point, Beecher added the impact of such work on his black soldiers noting, As you are awareâ€Å"the fatigue duty of my regiment has been ince ssant and tryingâ€Å"so that my sick list has increased from 4 or 5 to nearly 200 in a little over one month.(ibid). Beecher was aware that simply presenting the situation would not be enough to convince Gen. Wild, so he added the increasing numbers of incapable soldiers to persuade Gen. Wild to take notice of his concerns and take action. Towards the end of his letter, Beecher sums up the real issue at hand with his bold word choice writing, when they are set to menial work doing for white regiments what those Regiments are entitled to do for themselves, it simply throws them back where they were before and reduces them to the position of slaves again.(ibid). In conclusion, even though the North had seen themselves to be more advanced than the South because they outlawed slavery, they still treated their black soldiers as slaves and laborers rather than soldiers. The three letters presented showed the hypocrisy of the Union from the perspectives of a White commander of a black regiment, a black soldier, and an unknown black soldier. The common point between all three letters were black regiments and the problems they faced that they felt brought them back to slave status due to unequal pay and the slave-like jobs they were appointed.

Supply Chain Management Approach Analysis Essay - 1034 Words

This case study discusses a supply chain management approach analysis and describes how project managers should implement business processes to understand the importance of a successful project implementation. The case analyzes the â€Å"topics related to financial management, accounting, procurement, sales, marketing, contracts, manufacturing, distribution, logistics, the supply chain, strategic planning, tactical planning, operations management, organizational structures and behavior, personnel administration, compensation, benefits, career paths, and health and safety practices† (Schwalbe, 2011). This case study discusses how a project manager is tasked with an assignment to position the organization to distribute its resources/products†¦show more content†¦In this case study the project manager decided to build and information system to increase and improve the functionalities of online sales. A key function directly related to the business process reengineering i s the information system process of information technology. The concept of business process reengineering is often discussed in management circles seeking to improve the way things are done within an organization. If you are looking to redesign the functionality of business process you are in fact taking a business reengineering approach. Organizational change, information technology and business process reengineering are all interrelated within the framework of improving business processes. If organizations are in fact seeking to streamline business processes through business process reengineering concepts they must fully understand the BPR methodology. The systematic approach of BPR suggests five step methodologies which essentially provide a BPR framework to a successful implementation. The first methodology which was taken by AD is the preparation. When analyzing BPR, â€Å"this very first step in BPR is to develop and articulate what is to be accomplished by reengineering, inc luding goals and scope as it relates to BPR† (Motiwalla Thompson, 2011). This was the case for AD whose â€Å"sales had come predominately through retail outlets in shopping malls across the Midwest andShow MoreRelatedAn Empirical Analysis Of Supply Chain Risk Management1692 Words   |  7 PagesDaniel Hoenig in the paper titled â€Å"An empirical analysis of supply chain risk management in the German automotive industry† applied the practices of supply chain risk management by surveying sixty-seven manufacturing plants in German automotive industry. The need of real empirical research in supply chain risk management to help analyzing supply chain risk and test the previous research proposed instruments that can be applied for supply chain risk management was the motivation of this work. In this paperRead MoreIntroduction Of A Supply Chain Management1564 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction A supply chain (SC) consists of a set of organizations that work together to take in raw materials, convert the raw materials into higher value products, and sell the products to the end customer (Kelly 2005). The management of these flows to generate profit is known as supply chain management (Sodhi and Tang 2012). Supply chain risk management (SCRM) is defined, very broadly, as the identification, analysis and evaluation of events that can have a negative effect on supply chain performanceRead MoreMarketing Analysis : Global Supply Chain Essay1721 Words   |  7 PagesGlobal supply chain remains a highly contested theme and there have been many attempts to define the real winner and competition of market power in the literature. 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It calls for new theory development towards the detection and elimination of slavery within global supply chain, as well as the development of new tools and indicators that can be used to detect slavery within supply chains. After detecting slavery within a supply chain, complete withdrawal ofRead MoreEssay about Supply Chain and Value Chain730 Words   |  3 PagesSupply Chain and Value Chain Supply chain is a network of distribution and facilities options that performs the function of procurement of materials, conversion of these materials into intermediate and finished goods and the supply of these finished goods to the ultimate consumers, for e.g. for a single product, supply chain consists of flow of raw material from vendors, transformation into finished goods i.e. interflow of materials, transportation to distribution centers and supply activities forRead MoreSupply Chain Risk Management Analysis1521 Words   |  7 Pages Uta Jà ¼ttner, (2005),Supply chain risk management, The International Journal of Logistics Management, Vol. 16 Iss 1 pp. 120 - 141. Supply chain risk management is an intersection of supply chain management and risk management. For this we need to understand the benefits and as well as the limitations of both the concepts. Supply chain risk is about any threat of interruption in the order of workings of the supply chain. This Risk is generated as result of risk ‘drivers’ that are internal or external

Short Story - 1737 Words

After having waited for three days, unsure of Hannahs intentions or if shed attempt to contact him again, Todd had been relieved when hed walked in on it, and felt as if a burden had lifted from his shoulders. However, despite her reply and the security that it filled him with that he hadnt lost her, and likely wouldnt, the man was still pissed, and in truth, it wasnt so much with her, but with himself. The woman had affected him like no other from the end of a keyboard, and Todd was one who enjoyed being in control. Who needed to be in control and yet, in such a short space of time, shed seemed, without even trying, to take that from him. He wasnt used to be the one waiting, to be unsure of what was going to happen, if hed be†¦show more content†¦A woman who admittedly became aroused, became wet, by the thought of murder. Of sticking a blade in thos victim as he fucked her. A sick bith, just like he, and what got to Todd the most was how his cock began to strain the fabric of his trousers as he scanned her words again and again. That was aroused by the arousal of another when, for his entire life, his sexual pleasure had come from screwing woman who were bone dry. That arousal was the last thing he wanted from his victims, for that would ease their pain, and sex was pain for Todd Lowry, or the administering of it to another. Hed never wanted to get a woman wet, or to fuck one who wanted it. So why was he hard now? Instincitely, he reached out and brought the laptop closer, his fingers tapping the keys to reply, and it took him a moment to catch himself, to hit the back button and erase the words on the screen, as his gaze moved to his last sentence. The next time youll hear from me, one your peers will be dead. Unambiguous. So, what would happen if he replied now, if all the words he wanted to say poured out, and he asked all the questions that entered his mind. What would she think of him, what would he think of himself? A weak, pussy-whipped teenager whod change his mind at the whim of a woman. The type of guy Todd Lowry had always laughed at High-School and College, when even back then hed been one to just take what hedShow MoreRelatedshort story1018 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Short Stories:  Ã‚  Characteristics †¢Short  - Can usually be read in one sitting. †¢Concise:  Ã‚  Information offered in the story is relevant to the tale being told.  Ã‚  This is unlike a novel, where the story can diverge from the main plot †¢Usually tries to leave behind a  single impression  or effect.  Ã‚  Usually, though not always built around one character, place, idea, or act. †¢Because they are concise, writers depend on the reader bringing  personal experiences  and  prior knowledge  to the story. Four MajorRead MoreThe Short Stories Ideas For Writing A Short Story Essay1097 Words   |  5 Pageswriting a short story. Many a time, writers run out of these short story ideas upon exhausting their sources of short story ideas. If you are one of these writers, who have run out of short story ideas, and the deadline you have for coming up with a short story is running out, the short story writing prompts below will surely help you. Additionally, if you are being tormented by the blank Microsoft Word document staring at you because you are not able to come up with the best short story idea, youRead MoreShort Story1804 Words   |  8 PagesShort story: Definition and History. A  short story  like any other term does not have only one definition, it has many definitions, but all of them are similar in a general idea. According to The World Book Encyclopedia (1994, Vol. 12, L-354), â€Å"the short story is a short work of fiction that usually centers around a single incident. Because of its shorter length, the characters and situations are fewer and less complicated than those of a novel.† In the Cambridge Advanced Learner’s DictionaryRead MoreShort Stories648 Words   |  3 Pageswhat the title to the short story is. The short story theme I am going conduct on is â€Å"The Secret Life of Walter Mitty’ by James Thurber (1973). In this short story the literary elements being used is plot and symbols and the theme being full of distractions and disruption. The narrator is giving a third person point of view in sharing the thoughts of the characters. Walter Mitty the daydreamer is very humorous in the different plots of his dr ifting off. In the start of the story the plot, symbols,Read MoreShort Stories1125 Words   |  5 PagesThe themes of short stories are often relevant to real life? To what extent do you agree with this view? 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And with thatRead MoreShort Story Essay1294 Words   |  6 PagesA short story concentrates on creating a single dynamic effect and is limited in character and situation. It is a language of maximum yet economical effect. Every word must do a job, sometimes several jobs. Short stories are filled with numerous language and sound devices. These language and sound devices create a stronger image of the scenario or the characters within the text, which contribute to the overall pre-designed effect.As it is shown in the metaphor lipstick bleeding gently in CinnamonRead MoreRacism in the Short Stor ies1837 Words   |  7 PagesOften we read stories that tell stories of mixing the grouping may not always be what is legal or what people consider moral at the time. The things that you can learn from someone who is not like you is amazing if people took the time to consider this before judging someone the world as we know it would be a completely different place. The notion to overlook someone because they are not the same race, gender, creed, religion seems to be the way of the world for a long time. Racism is so prevalentRead MoreThe Idol Short Story1728 Words   |  7 PagesThe short stories â€Å"The Idol† by Adolfo Bioy Casares and â€Å"Axolotl† by Julio Cortà ¡zar address the notion of obsession, and the resulting harm that can come from it. Like all addictions, obsession makes one feel overwhelmed, as a single thought comes to continuously intruding our mind, causing the individual to not be able to ignore these thoughts. In â€Å"Axolotl†, the narr ator is drawn upon the axolotls at the Jardin des Plantes aquarium and his fascination towards the axolotls becomes an obsession. InRead MoreGothic Short Story1447 Words   |  6 Pages The End. In the short story, â€Å"Emma Barrett,† the reader follows a search party group searching for a missing girl named Emma deep in a forest in Oregon. The story follows through first person narration by a group member named Holden. This story would be considered a gothic short story because of its use of setting, theme, symbolism, and literary devices used to portray the horror of a missing six-year-old girl. Plot is the literal chronological development of the story, the sequence of events

Defining the Humanities Free Essays

Defining the Humanities Defining the Humanities The purpose of this paper is to differentiate the humanities from other modes of human inquiry and expression. I will define the humanities of a cultural event of music and how music was an expression of what I know about the humanities, art, style, genius, and culture from the 60s. I will also discuss how the music of the 60s compares with other forms I know about from the same period. We will write a custom essay sample on Defining the Humanities or any similar topic only for you Order Now One of the definitions of humanities, according to the American Heritage Dictionary, is â€Å"Those branches of knowledge, such as philosophy, literature, and art, that are concerned with human thought and culture; the liberal arts. † Culture is a big part of humanities. Culture, as defined by the American Heritage Dictionary, is the totality of socially transmitted behavior patterns, arts, beliefs, institutions, and other products of human work and thought. These patterns, traits, and products considered as the expression of a particular period, class, community, or population (American heritage dictionary, 2000). Music is an artistic form of sound communication via musical instruments and voice that produce sounds and tones. Music is as old as mankind and cultures past and present have music. The â€Å"oldest known song† dates back 4,000 years ago and was written in ancient cuneiform. Cuneiform is a character or characters formed by the arrangement of small wedge-shaped elements and used in ancient Sumerian, Akkadian, Assyrian, Babylonian, and Persian writing (American heritage dictionary, 2000). The certainty of how or when the first musical instrument was invented, however, most historians point to early flutes made from animal bones that are at least 37,000 years old (Bellis, 2010). The music of the 60’s in America is the humanities or culture of the American people of that era. Many changes going on in the 60s including revolutionary changes, extraordinary levels of sexual freedom among youths, and revolting teenagers like no one has ever seen before. Music has consistently been influenced by the trends of its time; reflecting the politics, economics, and lifestyles that exist. The Baby Boomer generation lived during a time when war had a powerful impact on everyone’s life. Drugs became, perhaps, one of the most influential variables apparent in the music of the 60s. In the early 1960s a band named the Byrd’s and guys like Dylan changed the way many people looked at music. These bands started an underground wave that flowed throughout the 60s, this became known as the â€Å"Psychedelic Era. † This era introduced drugs to be an important aspect involved in the creation of the music, and was used by the listeners to enhance their experience. Bands such as the Byrd’s and Grateful Dead started experimenting with such drugs as LSD, marijuana, and acid. They believed that drugs could help them create music that would blow the music of the fifties away, and it did (â€Å"The music of the sixties–the psychedelic eraâ€Å", 1998). The music of the 60s came in many styles. Some of the genres of the era are: Soft rock, (also referred to as mellow rock, light rock, or easy rock) is a style of music that uses the techniques of rock and roll (often combined with elements from folk rock and singer-songwriter pop) to compose a softer, more toned-down sound for listening. Soft rock songs generally tend to focus on themes like love, everyday life, and relationships (â€Å"Soft rockâ€Å", 2010). Hard rock – modify rock and roll (blues, country, and gospel), adding to the standard genre harder sounds, heavier guitar riffs (A short rhythmic phrase), bombastic (long winded) drumming and louder vocals (â€Å"Hard rockâ€Å", 2010). Country rock – formed from the fusion of rock with country (â€Å"Country rockâ€Å", 2010). Folk rock – combining elements of folk music and rock music (â€Å"Folk rockâ€Å", 2010). Punk rock – They created fast, hard-edged music, typically with short songs, stripped-down instrumentation, and often political, anti-establishment lyrics (â€Å"Punk rockâ€Å", 2010). Shock rock – is a wide umbrella term for artists who combine rock music with elements of theatrical shock value in live performances (â€Å"Shock rockâ€Å", 2010). Rhythm and Blues (R;B), Soul, Funk Influenced by R;B (â€Å"Rhythm and bluesâ€Å", 2010). Many artists’ musical roots come from gospel. For example, Elvis Presley started out singing gospel when he was only a few years old later moving onto Rock and Roll (Nite, 1974, p. 95). The art in America of the 60s was influenced by the desire to move into the modern age or future that the space age seemed to forecast. As with the music of the 60s, drugs had an influence on some of the art of the 60s. This art came to be known as psychedelic art (ex. Brummbaer). Major works by Alexander Calder (mobiles and sculpture) or He len Frankenthaler (non-representational art) showed a desire to escape from details to interpret. Artists wanted to inspire the viewer to leap into the unknown and experience art in their own way. A new artist who appeared was Andy Warhol, a leading name in pop art. Other forms evolving during this time were assemblage art, op art (or optical art) (ex. Vasarely), or kinetic abstraction (ex. Marcel Duchamp), environmental art (ex. Robert Smithson), and pop art, (ex. David Hockney) (Goodwin, 2009). In conclusion, humanities or cultures have been around since the beginning of mankind. Cultures can be estranged in their beliefs hence the creation of new cultures. Music, dance, theater, art, literature, or other cultures can change over time trough many influential channels. For example, the way the war and drugs influence the cultures of the 60s with the songs of war protests and psychedelic art. When changes come about the changes will usually have an effect on the, music, dance, theater, art, literature, or other cultures of the era. The one thing mankind can count on through the years, decades, centuries, and millennium is change. References American heritage dictionary. (4th ed. ). (2000). Chicago, IL: Houghton Mifflin Company. Bellis, M. (2010). Inventing musical instruments. Retrieved from http://inventors. bout. com/od/mstartinventions/tp/musicalinstrument. htm Country rock. (2010). In Country rock. Retrieved May 5, 2010, from http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Country_rock Folk rock. (2010). In Folk rock. Retrieved May 5, 2010, from http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Folk_rock Goodwin, S. (2009). American cultural history 1960 – 1969. Retrieved from http://kclibrary. lonestar. edu/decade60. html Hard rock. (2010). In Hard rock. Retrieved May 5, 2010, from http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Hard_rock Nite, N. N. (1974). Rock on. New York, NY: Thomas Y. Crowell. Punk rock. (2010). In Punk rock. Retrieved May 5, 2010, from Rhythm and blues. (2010). In Rhythm and blues. Retrieved May 5, 2010, from http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Rhythm_and_blues Shock rock. (2010). In Shock rock. Retrieved May 5, 2010, from http:// en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Shock_rock Soft rock. (2010). In Soft rock. Retrieved May 5, 2010, from http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Soft_rock The music of the sixties–the psychedelic era. (1998). Retrieved from http://library. thinkquest. org/21342/text/1960. htm How to cite Defining the Humanities, Papers

Project Charter The WOWS Project

Question: Describe about the Project Charter for The WOWS Project. Answer: Background The project report is based on WOWS project involves the migration of the current paper based clinical documentation system into an advanced digital solutions. With the use of the digital solution, WGCI improves their quality of care with increase in efficiency as well as accuracy. The WOWS should improve over their current clinical system. This project intends to introduce current process to treat the employees. This system consists of the patients data to support the history of the patients. Problem Statement The problem statement is that the existing system of WGCI is paper-based system that makes the communication between the service provider and patients difficult. Due to this, there are lack of centralized data repository and insufficient process to analyze the information of the patients. Therefore, the current system of the organization is back dated and lack of use of technology. Project Vision The vision of the project is to implement WOWS in WGCI with development in 6 months with a budget of $700,000. The purpose of this project is to give accurate information on patients medical history. The vision of the organization is to target the patients by providing web based database driven prototype system to collect their information accurately. Project Objectives To develop a Web-based Oncological Working System for WGCI To complete the project plan within 6 months and a budget of $700,000 To update and maintenance of the patients information so that it an easily access Summary Budget Project Budget Item Cost (in $) Project management cost 120,000 Inherited data transfer 120,000 Training to the staff 50,000 Hardware requirements 122000 CRM licenses 140000 System software 148000 Total $700,000 Success criteria for the project The success factors of this WOWS project are the involvement of the user in the project work, support from the senior level management, and understanding of the hardware as well as software requirements of this project. Proper planning is required to be done before staring the project work such as accurate estimation of budget and schedule (Dalcher, 2015). Due to development of WOWS project, the proposed system can update and maintain the patients information. the entire data becomes centralized so that it can transfer from one location to another. Summary of the project management methodology Agile Methodology: This methodology is used for the project plan as with using this methodology the project plan gives significant flexibility as well as speed to the project plan. This methodology is best suited for the project, as it requires less control as well as real time communication with self-motivated settings of team (Randolph, 2014). This methodology is highly iterative as well as it allows for rapid adjustments through the project. Project Plan Project scope The scope of this project plan is divided into in scope and out scope and it is categorized as follows: In-scope Release Priority Story Story Name Description 16th Aug High Specific requirements of WOWS WOWS All the hardware and software requirements for proposed system are reviewed. 8th Sep Medium Development of training materials Training materials Training should be provider to the service providers of the patients so that they can handle the technical system, therefore development over the training materials are required to be providers to the systems users (Kerzner, 2013). 19th Sep Medium Design and Development Development of WOWS The scope is to develop the best methods to design, develop and quality control of the proposed system. Out of scope Out of scope item 1: The study is required for WGCI to change the market strategies as per the requirements of the patients. Out of scope item 2: Invitation to the targeted participants is required to get the feedback from them. Out of scope item 3: This study is required to aware WGCI about their current market position and strategies used. Assumptions, constraints and expectations Assumptions Assumption1: The assumptions are to be taken by the undertaking director is that every one of the deliverables are done such that the framework would track the status of the request given by the clients with hours spent with the end goal of charging (Verzuh, 2015). Assumption 2: Every one of the deliverables of the undertaking arrangement ought to be conveyed in the given due date and assessed spending plan. Assumption 3: The undertaking arrangement ought to be planned after the rules of the venture. Assumption 4: The issues are to be distinguished and the risk officer ought to find a way to maintain a strategic distance from those identified issues (Burke, 2013). Finally, taking into account the above presumptions the task arrangement must meet with the undertaking targets. Constraints Constraints Impact Use of system The project constraints are that the proposed system is platform independent and it should be kept secured from the unauthorized use. Technology Proper technology is not used and the system is not updated in time (Abdel Azeem, Hosny, Ibrahim, 2014). Time There is also a constraint of cost if the estimated budget is not covering the purchase of both hardware as well as software needed for the project (Kerzner, 2013). Resource There are constraints of resources if proper estimation of budget is not done on time. Expectations Expectation1: The project manager expects that they should complete the project plan within 6 months and within the estimated budget of $700,000. Expectation 2: The project manager also expects that they require more resources for successfully develop the WOWS for the clinical activities. Project Risks Risk Mitigation Strategy Technical Risk: There is failure in the system implementation and the equipments are outdated Due to failure in the system, it hampers the operations of business. The data are to be analyzed properly and the system should be kept up-to-date (Elkabets Shohet, 2012). Financial Risk: There is improper estimation of the budget and lack of fund. The scope of the project is required to minimize. The cost is to be estimated on time. The system requirements should be implemented as per the budget (Eric Kirkland, 2014). Operational Risk: There is error in handling of the system. The systems complexity is reduced and training should be given to the workers (Evans Pipkin, 2012). Schedule Risk: There is improper estimation of the time. Entire project plan should require to schedule properly with estimation of all the activities efficiently. Project Governance Figure 1: Project Governance (Source: Davis, 2014, pp-200) Project participants and its Roles and responsibilities Role Name Organization Responsibility Director Phil Smart Western Gippsland Cancer Institute (WGCS) Their responsibility is to control the overall situation of the company, its strategy and policy and monitoring the authority. Director Bill Bright Multimedia Computing, Communications, and Artificial Intelligence Research Their responsibility is to conduct meeting with the stakeholders and take business related decisions (Hallgren, 2012). Project Manager (Insert your name) WGCS The project manager manages the project and accomplishes the objectives within the project constraints (Maier Branzei, 2014). The person is also responsible for outcome of the project. Project Sponsor Dan Marino WGCS The project sponsor collects the funds for the project plan. Doctors Jelly Fundary WGCS The doctors take care of the required patients information and take care of their health. Business/ System Analyst Katty Kelly WGCS They have the skills to interpret the functional requirements of the business (Verzuh, 2015). Senior supplier Nick Chen WGCS The senior supplier estimates the additional work, supply the required raw materials and review the supply plan. Service provider Anny Andy WGCS The service provider maintains the data of the patients and stores their personal information into the WOWS. Database Administrator Anne Hathaway WGCS They develop as well as ensure the security and integrity of the database (Kerzner, 2013).Their roles are security, warehousing as well as architecture. Risk Officer Jack Hualy WGCS The risk officer identifies the risk and mitigates it on time. Summary schedule Date Milestone Deliverables 13th Aug Completion of the assumption of the hardware and software requirements Hardware and software requirements document 19th Sep Identify the in scope and out scope of the system Scope Document 4th Oct Design of the system plan Design Document of the proposed system 29th Oct Approval of the project plan Approval Document 16th Nov Hire of the required workers Human Resource plan document 12th Dec Testing of the system and user acceptance Testing Document 13th Jan Identification of the risks Risk Management Plan Sign-off section for all stakeholders Stakeholder Name of stakeholder Signature Director of WGCS Phil Smart Director of Multimedia Computing, Communications, and Artificial Intelligence Research Bill Bright Project Manager (Please insert your name) Project Sponsor Dan Marino Business/ System Analyst Katty Kelly Senior supplier Nick Chen Database Administrator Anny Andy Risk Officer Jack Hualy References Abdel Azeem, S., Hosny, H., Ibrahim, A. (2014). Forecasting project schedule performance using probabilistic and deterministic models.HBRC Journal,10(1), 35-42. Burke, R. (2013). Project management: planning and control techniques.New Jersey, USA. Dalcher, D. (2015). Introduction to Software Project Management.Proj Mgmt Jrnl,46(4), e2-e2. Davis, K. (2014). Different stakeholder groups and their perceptions of project success.International Journal of Project Management,32(2), 189-201. Elkabets, S., Shohet, I. (2012). Risk management model for critical infrastructures.Gerontechnology,11(2). Eric Kirkland, C. (2014). Project Management: A Problem-Based Approach.Project Management Journal,45(1), e3-e3. Evans, W., Pipkin, D. (2012). Risk management for the future of clinical negligence claims.Clinical Risk,18(1), 25-27. Hallgren, M. (2012). The construction of research questions in project management.International Journal Of Project Management,30(7), 804-816. Kerzner, H. R. (2013).Project management: a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley Sons. Maier, E., Branzei, O. (2014). On time and on budget: Harnessing creativity in large scale projects.International Journal Of Project Management,32(7), 1123-1133. Randolph, S. (2014). Maximizing Project Value: A Project Manager's Guide.Project Management Journal,45(2), e2-e2. Verzuh, E. (2015).The fast forward MBA in project management. John Wiley Sons.